ORIGINAL PAPER
Seasonal variation of aflatoxin B1 content in dairy feed
| 1 | Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, 60800 Multan, Pakistan |
| 2 | Sejong University, College of Life Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, 05006 Seoul, Republic of Korea |
| 3 | Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Pathology, 60800 Multan, Pakistan |
| 4 | Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Pathobiology, 60800 Multan, Pakistan |
| 5 | The Islamia University of Bahawalpur-Pakistan, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, 63000 Bahawalpur, Pakistan |
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
A. Ismail
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
M. Riaz
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
Publication date: 2017-03-21
J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2017;26(1):33–37
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a fungal metabolite and highly carcinogenic
compound of category 1 according to the International Agency for Research
on Cancer. In the liver AFB1 from contaminated feed is bioconverted into
aflatoxin M1 and can be easily diffused to the animal milk. Provision of healthy
milk for humans, particularly infants and adults, therefore, entails monitoring
of AFB1 level in the feed for dairy animals. In the present study, AFB1 level
was monitored in three different types of animal feed comprising commercially
available animal feed, fresh fodder and leftover bread fed to dairy animals
between October 2014 and September 2015. AFB1 was found in all collected
feed samples at the amounts: 30.5%, 2.8% and 88.9% in commercial feed,
fresh fodder and leftover bread samples, respectively. All these levels were
over the EU permissible limits (5 μg · kg−1). Mean maximum levels of AFB1
were observed in all samples collected in the winter season, whereas the
mean minimum levels – in the summer months. The results of the present
study indicated that the leftover bread samples and commercial feed contain
high levels of AFB1, and so strict measures should be adopted to prevent dairy
animal feed and at the same time the animal milk from aflatoxin contamination.
REFERENCES (32)
1.
Akande K.E., Abubakar M.M., Adegbola T.A., Bogoro S.E., 2006. Nutritional and health implications of mycotoxins in animal feed: a review. Pak. J. Nutr. 5, 398–403, https://doi.org/10.3923/pjn.20...
2.
Ashraf N.M., Asif A., 2013. Current scenario of aflatoxin burden: a review of Pakistani food chain. J. Public Health Biol. Sci. 2, 324–329
3.
Aslam N., Wynn P.C., 2015. Aflatoxin contamination of the milk supply: a Pakistan perspective. Agriculture 5, 1172–1182, https://doi.org/10.3390/agricu...
4.
Bagheri T., Moshtaghi H., Boniadian M., 2014. Aflatoxin B1 in feed stuffs of dairy farms in Shahrekord, Iran. J. Nov. Appl. Sci. 3, 1312–1316
5.
Bibin Becha B., Devi S.S., 2013. Aflatoxin levels in feeds and feed ingredients of livestock and poultry in Kerala. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 44, 76–78
6.
Bilandžić N., Božić Đ., Đokić M., Sedak M., Kolanović B.S., Varenina I., Cvetnić Ž., 2014. Assessment of aflatoxins M1 contamination in the milk of four dairy species in Croatia. Food Control 43, 18–21, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food...
7.
Britzi M., Friedman S., Miron J., Solomon R., Cuneah O., Shimshoni J.A., Soback S., Ashkenazi R., Armer S., Shlosberg A., 2013. Carry-over of aflatoxin B1 to aflatoxin M1 in high yielding Israeli cows in mid- and late-lactation. Toxins 5, 173–183, https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins...
8.
Chohan K.A., Awan F., Ali M.M., Iqbal U., Ijaz M., 2016. Assessment of aflatoxin in dairy concentrate feeds, total mixed rations, silage and various feed ingredients in Pakistan. Pak. J. Zool. 48, 277–280
9.
Eaton D.L., Groopman J.D. (Editors), 1994. The Toxicology of Aflatoxins: Human Health, Veterinary and Agricultural Significance. Academic Press Inc., San Diego, CA (USA)
10.
Fallah A.A., Fazlollahi R., Emami A., 2016. Seasonal study of aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk of four dairy species in Yazd, Iran. Food Control 68, 77–82, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food...
11.
FAO, 2015. FAOSTAT – Food production data base. Available from: http://faostat.fao.org/site/56... [cited 24.02.2015]
12.
Golge O., 2014. A survey on the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in raw milk produced in Adana province of Turkey. Food Control 45, 150–155, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food...
13.
International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2002. IARC Monograph on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans. Volume 82. Some Traditional Herbal Medicines, Some Mycotoxines, Naphthalene and Styrene. IARCPress, Lyon (France)
14.
Iqbal S.Z., Asi M.R., 2013. Assessment of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products from Punjab, Pakistan. Food Control 30, 235–239, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food...
15.
Ismail A., Akhtar S., Levin R.E., Ismail T., Riaz M., Amir M., 2016a. Aflatoxin M1: Prevalence and decontamination strategies in milk and milk products. Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 42, 418–427, https://doi.org/10.3109/104084...
16.
Ismail A., Levin R.E., Riaz M., Akhtar S., Gong Y.Y., de Oliveira C.A.F., 2017. Effect of different microbial concentrations on binding of aflatoxin M1 and stability testing. Food Control 73, 492–496, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food...
17.
Ismail A., Riaz M., Levin R.E., Akhtar S., Gong Y.Y., Hameed A., 2016b. Seasonal prevalence level of aflatoxin M1 and its estimated daily intake in Pakistan. Food Control 60, 461–465, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food...
18.
Kaleibar M.T., Helan J.A., 2013. A field outbreak of aflatoxicosis with high fatality rate in feedlot calves in Iran. Comp. Clin. Pathol. 22, 1155–1163, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580...
19.
Kang’ethe E.K., Lang’a K.A., 2009. Aflatoxin B1 and M1 contamination of animal feeds and milk from urban centers in Kenya. Afr. Health Sci. 9, 218–226
20.
Karami-Osboo R., Mirabolfathy M., Kamran R., Shetab-Boushehri M., Sarkari S., 2012. Aflatoxin B1 in maize harvested over 3 years in Iran. Food Control 23, 271–274, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food...
21.
Ketterer P.J., Williams E.S., Blaney B.J., Connole M.D., 1975. Canine aflatoxicosis. Aust. Vet. J. 51, 355–357, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751...
22.
Koc F., Sunnetci S., Coskuntuna A., Coskuntuna L., 2009. Determination of aflatoxin B1 contamination of commercial mixed feeds (for dairy cow) by immunoaffinity column using high performance liquid chromatography. Asian J. Chem. 21, 2755–2760
23.
Martins H.M., Guerra M.M.M., Bernardo F.M.A., 2007. Occurrence of aflatoxin B1 in dairy cow’s feed over 10 years in Portugal (1995–2004). Rev. Iberoam. Micol. 24, 69–71, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1130-...
24.
Mateo E.M., Gil-Serna J., Patiño B., Jiménez M., 2011. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in stored barley grain in Spain and impact of PCR-based strategies to assess the occurrence of aflatoxigenic and ochratoxigenic Aspergillus spp. Int. J. Food. Microbiol. 149, 118–126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfo...
25.
Miocinovic J., Keskic T., Miloradovic Z., Kos A., Tomasevic I., Pudja P., 2017. The aflatoxin M1 crisis in the Serbian dairy sector: the year after. Food Addit. Contam. Part B Surveill. 10, 1–4, https://doi.org/10.1080/193932...
26.
Moazenijula G.R., Nowzari N., Kavari A., 2007. Identification of aflatoxin contamination in the milk of cows fed on moldy dry bread as a part of their ration. Iran. J. Toxicol. 1(2), 5
27.
Reddy K.R.N., Reddy C.S., Muralidharan K., 2009. Detection of Aspergillus spp. and aflatoxin B1 in rice in India. Food Microbiol. 26, 27–31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2...
28.
Sultana N., Rashid A., Tahira I., Hanif H.U., Hanif N.Q., 2013. Distribution of mycotoxins in compound feed, total mix ration and silage. Pak. Vet. J. 33, 200–204
29.
Tomašević I., Petrović J., Jovetić M., Raičević S., Milojević M., Miočinović J., 2015. Two year survey on the occurrence and seasonal variation of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products in Serbia. Food Control 56, 64–70, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food...
30.
Ullah H.A., Durrani A.Z., Ijaz M., Javeed A., 2016. Aflatoxin B1 contamination status of concentrate feeds of dairy goats in Lahore, Pakistan. Sarhad J. Agric. 32, 57–61, https://doi.org/10.17582/journ...
31.
Var I., Kabak B., 2009. Detection of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products consumed in Adana, Turkey. Int. J. Dairy Technol. 62, 15–18, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471...
32.
Whitlow L.W., Heagler W.M. Jr, 2004. The top ten most frequently asked questions about mycotoxins, cattle and dairy food products. In: T.P. Lyons, K.A. Jacques (Editors). Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industries. Proceedings of Alltech’s 20th Annual Symposium: Re-Imagining the Feed Industry. Lexington, KY (USA), pp. 231–253
CITATIONS (8):
1.
Aflatoxin in foodstuffs: Occurrence and recent advances in decontamination
Amir Ismail, Bruna L. Gonçalves, Diane V. de Neeff, Bárbara Ponzilacqua, Carolina F.S.C. Coppa, Henning Hintzsche, Muhammad Sajid, Adriano G. Cruz, Carlos H. Corassin, Carlos A.F. Oliveira
Food Research International
Amir Ismail, Bruna L. Gonçalves, Diane V. de Neeff, Bárbara Ponzilacqua, Carolina F.S.C. Coppa, Henning Hintzsche, Muhammad Sajid, Adriano G. Cruz, Carlos H. Corassin, Carlos A.F. Oliveira
Food Research International
2.
Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in raw and processed milk and assessment of daily intake in Lahore, Multan cities of Pakistan
Mateen Ahmad, Muhammad Awais, Shinawar Waseem Ali, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan, Muhammad Riaz, Asif Sultan, Muhammad Shakeel Bashir, Adnan Ishtiaq Chaudhry
Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B
Mateen Ahmad, Muhammad Awais, Shinawar Waseem Ali, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan, Muhammad Riaz, Asif Sultan, Muhammad Shakeel Bashir, Adnan Ishtiaq Chaudhry
Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B
3.
Usefulness of the analytical control of aflatoxins in feedstuffs for dairy cows for the prevention of aflatoxin M1 in milk
M. Rodríguez-Blanco, A. Ramos, M. Prim, V. Sanchis, S. Marín
Mycotoxin Research
M. Rodríguez-Blanco, A. Ramos, M. Prim, V. Sanchis, S. Marín
Mycotoxin Research
4.
Aflatoxin B1 Occurrence, Detection and Toxicological Effects [Working Title]
Nancy Nleya, Lubanza Ngoma, Mulunda Mwanza
Nancy Nleya, Lubanza Ngoma, Mulunda Mwanza
5.
Aflatoxins in cotton seeds and cotton seed cake from Pakistan
Z. Shar, Om Pirkash, H. Shar, S. Sherazi, S. Mahesar
Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B
Z. Shar, Om Pirkash, H. Shar, S. Sherazi, S. Mahesar
Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B
6.
Process optimization for dilute acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of waste wheat bread and its effect on aflatoxin fate and ethanol production
Samane Torabi, Behzad Satari, Seyed Hassan-Beygi
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
Samane Torabi, Behzad Satari, Seyed Hassan-Beygi
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
7.
Aflatoxin Detoxification Using Microorganisms and Enzymes
Yun Guan, Jia Chen, Eugenie Nepovimova, Miao Long, Wenda Wu, Kamil Kuca
Toxins
Yun Guan, Jia Chen, Eugenie Nepovimova, Miao Long, Wenda Wu, Kamil Kuca
Toxins
8.
Fungal Contamination and Aflatoxin B1 Detected in Hay for Dairy Cows in South Italy
Carlotta Ceniti, Nicola Costanzo, Anna Spina, Marinella Rodolfi, Bruno Tilocca, Cristian Piras, Domenico Britti, Valeria Morittu
Frontiers in Nutrition
Carlotta Ceniti, Nicola Costanzo, Anna Spina, Marinella Rodolfi, Bruno Tilocca, Cristian Piras, Domenico Britti, Valeria Morittu
Frontiers in Nutrition
Assigning DOI numbers, introducing articles from supplements and recent publications to POL-index database, maintaining anti-plagiarism detection, electronic system to proceed manuscripts and webpage of the Journal with interactive pdf files, and language correction of manuscripts published in Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences are financed in the years 2018–2019 by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from the funds for science popularization activities, Agreement No. 631/P-DUN/2018.
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.