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Seasonal variation of aflatoxin B1 content in dairy feed

A. Ismail 1  ,  
M. Riaz 1, 2  ,  
S. Akhtar 1,  
S.H. Yoo 2,  
S. Park 2,  
M. Abid 3,  
M. Aziz 4,  
Z. Ahmad 5
 
1
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
2
Sejong University, College of Life Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, 05006 Seoul, Republic of Korea
3
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Pathology, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
4
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Pathobiology, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
5
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur-Pakistan, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, 63000 Bahawalpur, Pakistan
J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2017;26(1):33–37
Publish date: 2017-03-21
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/69008/2017
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KEYWORDS:
aflatoxins, carcinogenic, Pakistan, leftover bread, dairy feed
ABSTRACT:
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a fungal metabolite and highly carcinogenic compound of category 1 according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In the liver AFB1 from contaminated feed is bioconverted into aflatoxin M1 and can be easily diffused to the animal milk. Provision of healthy milk for humans, particularly infants and adults, therefore, entails monitoring of AFB1 level in the feed for dairy animals. In the present study, AFB1 level was monitored in three different types of animal feed comprising commercially available animal feed, fresh fodder and leftover bread fed to dairy animals between October 2014 and September 2015. AFB1 was found in all collected feed samples at the amounts: 30.5%, 2.8% and 88.9% in commercial feed, fresh fodder and leftover bread samples, respectively. All these levels were over the EU permissible limits (5 μg · kg−1). Mean maximum levels of AFB1 were observed in all samples collected in the winter season, whereas the mean minimum levels – in the summer months. The results of the present study indicated that the leftover bread samples and commercial feed contain high levels of AFB1, and so strict measures should be adopted to prevent dairy animal feed and at the same time the animal milk from aflatoxin contamination.
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR:
A. Ismail   
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
M. Riaz   
Bahauddin Zakariya University, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, 60800 Multan, Pakistan
 
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