ORIGINAL PAPER
Comparison of lipid profiles in the faeces of beef cattle
fed three common temperate grass silage diets
and their relevance to dietary composition
1
Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, 673576, Wayanad, India
2
Rothamsted Research, Net Zero & Resilient Farming, EX20 2SB, North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon, UK
3
Rothamsted Research, West Common, AL5 2JQ, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, UK
4
Harper Adams University, Edgmond, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB, UK
Publication date: 2023-07-25
Corresponding author
M. Elayadeth-Meethal
Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, 673576, Wayanad, India
Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, 673576, Wayanad, India
J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2023;32(4):427-437
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Faecal lipidome signatures may vary depending on diet. Analyzing
17 different lipidome compounds and calculating ratios between them, we
analysed the composition of faecal lipidomes (fatty alcohols, stanols, and
archaeol) of beef cattle fed different diets. In this study, we measured the faecal
lipidome profiles of beef cattle fed three types of grass silage representative of
United Kingdom grasslands by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The
forage consisted of 1) permanent pasture (sown perennial ryegrass mixed with
unsown species); 2) reseeded perennial ryegrass monoculture; and 3) reseeded
mixture of perennial ryegrass and white clover (ca 80:20 fresh weight). The
contents of three forages varied significantly in water-soluble carbohydrates,
acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, modified acid detergent fibre, crude
protein, metabolizable energy, and crude ash. Diet significantly affected the
composition of the faecal lipidome. Apart from stigmasterol, sex and the diet-bysex
interaction did not affect the faecal lipidome. Further, the ratios of lipidome
compounds in faeces were validated as biomarkers of diet composition. The
24-ethyl coprostanol, 5-stigmastanol, campesterol, and even chain fatty alcohols
such as C18-OH (3-hydroxy stearoyl carnitine), C22-OH – alcohol fraction
with 22 carbon residues, C24-OH – alcohol fraction with 24 carbon residues,
C26-OH – alcohol fraction with 26 carbon residues, and various lipidome ratios
differed significantly between diets on a univariate basis. Based on an analysis
of the composition and ratios of faecal lipidomes, this study provides a means
for predicting the diet composition of agricultural livestock and wild herbivores.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We gratefully acknowledge Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Devon (UK) for offering the facilities for the research.
FUNDING
This research was supported by the Soil to Nutrition Institute Strategic Programme (BBS/E/C/000I0320) funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). Rothamsted International Fellowship funded MEM. The NWFP is a UK National Capability supported by the BBSRC (BBS/E/C/000J0100).
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
REFERENCES (51)
1.
Ahvenjarvi S., Vanhatalo A., Hristov A.N., Huhtanen P., 2004. Passage kinetics of internal and external markers in lactating dairy cows. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 13, 19–22, https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/....
2.
Alderman G., Cottrill B.R., 1996. Energy and protein requirements of ruminants. CABI Publishing. Wallingford (UK).
3.
Ali H.A.M., Mayes R.W., Lamb C.S., Hector B.L., Verma A.K., Orskov E.R., 2004. The potential of long-chain fatty alcohols and long-chain fatty acids as diet composition markers: development of methods for quantitative analysis and faecal recoveries of these compounds in sheep fed mixed diets. J. Agr. Sci. 142, 71–78, https://doi.org/10.1017/S00218....
4.
Bell M., Eckard R., Moate P.J., Yan T., 2016. Modelling the effect of diet composition on enteric methane emissions across sheep, beef cattle and dairy cows. Animals 6, 54, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani609....
5.
Białek M., Czauderna M., 2021. Composition of rumen-surrounding fat and fatty acid profile in selected tissues of lambs fed diets supplemented with fish and rapeseed oils, carnosic acid, and different chemical forms of selenium. Livest. Sci. 226, 122–132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livs....
6.
Bull I.D., Lockheart M.J., Elhmmali M.M., Roberts D.J., Evershed R.P., 2002. The origin of faeces by means of biomarker detection. Environ. Int. 27, 647–654, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-....
7.
Cooke A.S., Le-Grice P., McAuliffe G.A., Lee M.R., Rivero M.J., 2022. Rethinking efficiency: growth curves as a proxy for inputs and impacts in finishing beef systems. J. Environ. Manage. 324, 116418, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenv....
8.
Davies A.L., Harrault L., Milek K., McClymont E.L., Dallimer M., Hamilton A., Warburton J., 2022. A multiproxy approach to long-term herbivore grazing dynamics in peatlands based on pollen, coprophilous fungi and faecal biomarkers. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 598, 111032, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pala....
9.
Derrien M., Jarde E., Gruau G., Pierson-Wickmann A.C., 2011. Extreme variability of steroid profiles in cow feces and pig slurries at the regional scale: implications for the use of steroids to specify fecal pollution sources in waters. J. Agric. Food Chem. 59, 7294–7302, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf2010....
10.
Devendra C., Lewis D., 1973. The interaction between dietary lipids and fibre in the sheep 1. A comparison of the methods used for crude fibre and acid-detergent fibre estimations. Anim. Sci. 17, 275–280, https://doi.org/10.1017/S00033....
11.
Ferreira L.M.M., Celaya R., Santos A.S., Guedes C.M.V., Rodrigues M.A.M., Mayes R.W., Osoro K., 2012. Evaluation of long-chain alcohols as diet composition markers in goats grazing heathland areas. Animal 6, 683–692, https://doi.org/10.1017/S17517....
12.
Gill F.L., Dewhurst R.J., Evershed R.P., McGeough E., O’Kiely P., Pancost R.D., Bull I.D., 2011. Analysis of archaeal ether lipids in bovine faeces. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 166, 87–92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anif....
13.
Givens D.I., Cottyn B.G., Dewey P.J.S., Steg A., 1995. A comparison of the neutral detergent-cellulase method with other laboratory methods for predicting the digestibility in vivo of maize silages from three European countries. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 54, 55–64, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8....
14.
Gomez A., Petrzelkova K., Yeoman C.J. et al., 2015. Gut microbiome composition and metabolomic profiles of wild western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) reflect host ecology. Mol. Ecol. 24, 2551–2565, https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13....
15.
Goopy J.P., Donaldson A., Hegarty R., Vercoe P.E., Haynes F., Barnett M., Oddy V.H., 2014. Low-methane yield sheep have smaller rumens and shorter rumen retention time. Br. J. Nutr. 111, 578–585, https://doi.org/10.1017/S00071....
16.
Harrault L., Milek K., Jarde, E., Jeanneau L., Derrien M., Anderson D.G., 2019. Faecal biomarkers can distinguish specific mammalian species in modern and past environments. PLoS One 14, 0211119, https://doi.org/10.1371/journa....
17.
Henderson G., Cox F., Ganesh S., Jonker A., Young W., Global Rumen Census Collaborators, Janssen P.H., 2015. Rumen microbial community composition varies with diet and host, but a core microbiome is found across a wide geographical range. Sci. Rep. 5, 14567, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14....
18.
Heublein C., Sudekum K.H., Gill F.L., Dohme-Meier F., Schori F., 2017. Using plant wax markers to estimate the diet composition of grazing Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 100, 1019–1036, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.20....
19.
Kara K., 2021. Nutrient matter, fatty acids, in vitro gas production and digestion of herbage and silage quality of yellow sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis L.) at different phenological stages. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 30, 128–140, https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/....
20.
Lamichhane S., Sen P., Dickens A.M., Oresic M., Bertram H.C., 2018. Gut metabolome meets microbiome: a methodological perspective to understand the relationship between host and microbe. Methods 149, 3–12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymet....
21.
Lee M.R., Jones E.L., Moorby J.M., Humphreys M.O., Theodorou M.K., Scollan N.D., 2001. Production responses from lambs grazed on Lolium perenne selected for an elevated water-soluble carbohydrate concentration. Anim. Res. 50, 441–449, https://doi.org/10.1051/animre....
22.
Lee M.R.F., Harris L.J., Dewhurst R.J., Merry R.J., Scollan N.D., 2003. The effect of clover silages on long chain fatty acid rumen transformations and digestion in beef steers. Anim. Sci. 76, 491–501, https://doi.org/10.1017/S13577....
23.
Lee M.R.F., McAuliffe G.A., Tweed J.K.S., Griffith B.A., Morgan S.A., Rivero M.J., Harris P., Takahashi T., Cardenas L., 2021. Nutritional value of suckler beef from temperate pasture systems. Animal 15, 100257, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anim....
24.
Lin L.J., Luo H.L., Zhang Y.J., Wang H., Shu B., Hong F.Z., 2009. The potential use of long-chain alcohols and fatty acids as diet composition markers: factors influencing faecal recovery rates and diet composition estimates in sheep. Animal 3, 1605–1612, https://doi.org/10.1017/S17517....
25.
Lin L.J., Zhu X.Y., Jiang C., Luo H.L., Wang H., Zhang Y.J., Hong F.Z., 2012. The potential use of n-alkanes, long-chain alcohols and long-chain fatty acids as diet composition markers: indoor validation with sheep and herbage species from the rangeland of inner Mongolia of China. Animal 6, 449–458, https://doi.org/10.1017/S17517....
26.
Lopez C.L., Celaya R., Santos A.S., Rodrigues M.A.M., Osoro K., Ferreira L.M.M., 2015. Application of long-chain alcohols as faecal markers to estimate diet composition of horses and cattle fed with herbaceous and woody species. Animal 9, 1786–1794, https://doi.org/10.1017/S17517....
27.
Maixner F., 2019. Molecular reconstruction of the diet in human stool samples. mSystems 4, 634–639, https://doi.org/10.1128/mSyste....
28.
Marounek M., Volek Z., Skrivanova E., Czauderna M., 2012. Gender-based differences in the effect of dietary cholesterol in rats. Cent. Eur. J. Biol. 7, 980–986, https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535....
29.
Marounek M., Volek Z., Skrivanova E., Tuma J., 2010. Effects of amidated pectin alone and combined with cholestyramine on cholesterol homeostasis in rats fed a cholesterol-containing diet. Carbohydr. Polym. 80, 989–992, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carb....
30.
Marounek M., Volek Z., Synytsya A., Copíkova J., 2007. Effect of pectin and amidated pectin on cholesterol homeostasis and cecal metabolism in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Physiol. Res. 56, 433–442, https://doi.org/10.33549/physi....
31.
McAuliffe G.A., Takahashi T., Lee, M.R., 2018. Framework for life cycle assessment of livestock production systems to account for the nutritional quality of final products. Food and Energy Secur. 7, p.e00143, https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.1...
32.
McCartney C.A., Bull I.D., Yan T., Dewhurst R.J., 2013. Assessment of archaeol as a molecular proxy for methane production in cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 96, 1211–1217, https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.20....
33.
Meo-Filho P., Hood J., Lee M.R.F., Fleming H., Meethal M.E., Misselbrook T., 2023. Performance and enteric methane emissions from housed beef cattle fed silage produced on pastures with different forage profiles. Animal 17, 100726, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anim....
34.
O’Callaghan T.F., Ross R.P., Stanton C., Clarke G., 2016. The gut microbiome as a virtual endocrine organ with implications for farm and domestic animal endocrinology. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 56, 44–55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.doma....
35.
Orr R.J., Griffith B.A., Rivero M.J., Lee M.R., 2019. Livestock performance for sheep and cattle grazing lowland permanent pasture: benchmarking potential of forage-based systems. Agronomy 9, 101, https://doi.org/10.3390/agrono....
36.
Orr R.J., Murray P.J., Eyles C.J. et al., 2016. The North Wyke Farm Platform: effect of temperate grassland farming systems on soil moisture contents, runoff and associated water quality dynamics. Eur. J. Soil Sci. 67, 374–385, https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.1....
37.
Pilgrim E.S., Macleod C.J., Blackwell M.S. et al., 2010. Interactions among agricultural production and other ecosystem services delivered from European temperate grassland systems. Adv. Agron. 109. Academic Press. Cambridge, MA (USA), pp. 117–154, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0....
38.
Prost K., Birk J.J., Lehndorff E., Gerlach R., Amelung W., 2017. Steroid biomarkers revisited–Improved source identification of faecal remains in archaeological soil material. PLoS One, 12, e0164882, https://doi.org/10.1371/journa....
39.
R Core Team R: A language and environment for statistical computing. 2017. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Vienna (Austria), https://www.R-project.org/.
40.
Reese A.T., Kartzinel T.R., Petrone B.L., Turnbaugh P.J., Pringle R.M., David L.A., 2019. Using DNA metabarcoding to evaluate the plant component of human diets: a proof of concept. mSystems 4, 458–469, https://doi.org/10.1128/mSyste....
41.
Rivero M.J., Balocchi O.A., Moscoso C.J., Siebald J.A., Neumann F.L., Meyer D., Lee M.R., 2019a. Does the “high sugar” trait of perennial ryegrass cultivars express under temperate climate conditions? Grass Forage Sci. 74, 496–508, https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12....
42.
Rivero M.J., Balocchi O.L., Neumann F.L., Siebald J.A., 2019b. Grazing preference of dairy cows and pasture productivity for different cultivars of perennial ryegrass under contrasting managements. Animals 9, 253, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani905....
43.
Rivero M.J., Grau-Campanario P., Mullan S., Held S.D., Stokes J.E., Lee M.R., Cardenas L.M., 2021a. Factors affecting site use preference of grazing cattle studied from 2000 to 2020 through GPS tracking: a review. Sensors 21, 2696, https://doi.org/10.3390/s21082....
44.
Rivero M.J., Keim J.P., Balocchi O.A., Lee M.R.F., 2020. In vitro fermentation patterns and methane output of perennial ryegrass differing in water-soluble carbohydrate and nitrogen concentrations. Animals 10, 1076, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani100....
45.
Rivero M.J., Lopez-Villalobos N., Evans A. et al., 2021b. Key traits for ruminant livestock across diverse production systems in the context of climate change: perspectives from a global platform of research farms. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 33, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.1071/RD2020....
46.
Rozbicka-Wieczorek A.J., Wiesyk E., Krajewska-Bienias K.A., Wereszka K., Czauderna M., 2016. Supplementation effects of seleno-compounds, carnosic acid, and fish oil on concentrations of fatty acids, tocopherols, cholesterol, and amino acids in the livers of lambs. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 40, 681–693, https://doi.org/10.3906/vet-15....
47.
Suchecka D., Gromadzka-Ostrowska J., Zyla, E., Harasym J., Oczkowski M., 2017. Selected physiological activities and health promoting properties of cereal beta-glucans. A review, J. Anim. Feed. Sci. 26, 183–191, https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/....
48.
Takahashi T., Harris P., Blackwell M.S.A. et al., 2018. Roles of instrumented farm-scale trials in trade-off assessments of pasture-based ruminant production systems. Animal 12, 1766–1776, https://doi.org/10.1017/S17517....
49.
Taweel H.Z., Tas B.M., Smit H.J., Elgersma A., Dijkstra J., Tamminga S., 2005. Improving the quality of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) for dairy cows by selecting for fast clearing and/or degradable neutral detergent fiber. Livest. Prod. Sci. 96, 239–248, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livp....
50.
Wilkinson J.M., Lee M.R., Rivero M.J., Chamberlain A.T., 2020. Some challenges and opportunities for grazing dairy cows on temperate pastures. Grass Forage Sci. 75, 1–17, https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12....
51.
Wu L., Harris P., Misselbrook T.H., Lee M.R.F., 2022. Simulating grazing beef and sheep systems. Agric. Syst. 195, 103307, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy....
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| ISSN: | 1230-1388 |
Assigning DOI numbers, introducing articles from supplements and recent publications to POL-index database, maintaining anti-plagiarism detection, electronic system to proceed manuscripts and webpage of the Journal with interactive pdf files, and language correction of manuscripts published in Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences are financed in the years 2018–2019 by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from the funds for science popularization activities, Agreement No. 631/P-DUN/2018.
© 2006-2024 Journal hosting platform by Bentus
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
