ORIGINAL PAPER
Long-term changes in the frequency of beta-casein,
kappa-casein and beta-lactoglobulin alleles
in Polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle
1
University of Warmia and Mazury, Department of Animal Genetics, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
2
Dairy Industry Innovation Institute, Kormoranów 1, 11-700 Mrągowo, Poland
Publication date: 2023-01-27
Corresponding author
S. Kamiński
University of Warmia and Mazury, Department of Animal Genetics, Oczapowskiego 5, Olsztyn, Poland
University of Warmia and Mazury, Department of Animal Genetics, Oczapowskiego 5, Olsztyn, Poland
J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2023;32(2):205-210
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the study was to analyse changes in the frequency
of genotypes and alleles of beta-casein (CASB), kappa-casein (CSN3) and betalactoglobulin (LGB) loci among bulls (used for insemination in 1991–2021) and
cows (milked in 2014 and 2021). The analysis included 1812 bulls and 2628
cows of the Polish Holstein-Friesian breed. Genotypes of three milk protein loci
were identified using PCR-RFLP/ACRS method (bulls) or the Illumina Bovine
MDv2 Chip (cows). For bulls used in insemination between 1991 and 2021,
the frequency of the desirable CSN3 allele B and allele A2 at the CASB locus
increased by 44% and 8%, respectively. In cows, the frequency of allele B of
CSN3 and allele A2 of CASB increased over the past seven years by 11% and
7%, respectively. The frequency of LGB allele B decreased in cows from 47%
to 41%. An increase in the frequency of the rarest allele E at the CSN3 locus
in bulls was also observed (from 2% to 7%). The number of animals carrying
the most desirable combination of CASB and CSN3 genotypes (A2A2 and BB)
reached 4.25% and 2.8% in cows and bulls, respectively. The current results
showed a slow but marked increase in the desirable alleles at casein gene
loci which should improve milk quality and cheese-processing properties. This
positive effect was attenuated by the simultaneous decrease in the frequency of
LGB allele B.
FUNDING
This project received financial support
from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education
under the programme entitled “Regional Initiative
of Excellence” for the years 2019-2022, Project
No. 010/RID/2018/19.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The Authors declare that there is no conflict of
interest.
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